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China könnte bald Treibstoff-Ethanol nicht nur aus Biomasse herstellen, sondern auch aus Kohle

Sep 23, 2017

Gemäß dem 13. Fünfjahresplan Chinas für Energie soll das Land bis 2020 300 Millionen t Treibstoff-Ethanol aus Biomasse produzieren und damit 150 Millionen t fossilen Treibstoff ersetzen. Allerdings wurde inzwischen auch die Herstellung von Treibstoff-Ethanol aus Kohle verbessert, und China hatte Ende 2016 nachgewiesene Kohlereserven von 1,6 Billionen Tonnen. Die bevorzugte, am CAS Dalian Institute for Chemical Physics ausgearbeitete Route verwendet Synthesegas, mit dem Dimethylester über einen Zeolith-Katalysator zu Methylacetat carbonyliert und das Methylacetat zu Ethanol über einen Cu/ZnO-Katalysator hydriert wird. Bis 2018 wird die Shaanxi Yanchang Group auf diesem Weg Produktionsanlagen für 300.000 t Treibstoff-Ethanol fertigstellen, eine 100.000 t-Anlage ist bereits in Betrieb. Analysten von Orient Securities gehen davon aus, dass die Kosten für Ethanol aus Biomasse zwischen 4700-5600 Yuan/Tonne liegen, während die Kosten für Ethanol aus Kohle lediglich 4000-4200 Yuan/Tonne betragen. Es ist also nicht unwahrscheinlich, daß ein erheblicher Teil des chinesischen Treibstoff-Ethanols 2020 nicht aus Biomasse, sondern aus Kohle hergestellt wird.

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